Buffalo Animal Information In English. Buffalo is an animal familiar to all of us. Buffalo is a vegetarian animal and people do buffalo rearing for milk production. Buffalo is both wild and domesticated. We must have seen buffalo herds in the forests. In which buffaloes and some redes work together to protect their young. The buffalo likes to sit in mud or water. Among these animals, the male animal is called reda and the female is called buffalo. Black or gray color is most likely found in buffaloes. So let's know the detailed information about the buffalo.

Buffalo Animal Information In English

• Animal                - Buffalo
• Category             - Vertebrates
• Classical Name   - Bubalus bubalis
• Clan                    - Bublas
• Life expectancy  - 15-20 years

Where does the buffalo live?

Buffalo is an animal found in all countries, mainly in Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia. Buffalo is found in these forests. Apart from that they are reared domestically for milk. The largest range of wild buffaloes is found in America, Europe and Australia.

 Buffalo Animal Information In English

In India, buffaloes are mainly used for providing milk. India ranks first in the country in dairy business. Different breeds of buffaloes are found. The buffaloes are tied in the cowshed. Before doing buffalo business, its accommodation has to be arranged.

The place where the buffalo stays is called Gotha. The cowshed in which the buffalo will be tied is made of grass or cement, then a rope and a peg are needed to tie the buffalo. At the place where the buffaloes are built, water for its fodder has to be arranged.

After the buffalo house is prepared, it should always be kept clean. Otherwise the dirt can cause various diseases to the buffalo or it can be a problem for mosquitoes.

What does a Buffalo look like?

Buffalo is familiar to all. The color of buffalo is black or grey. A buffalo has two horns and a tail. She has two eyes, nose, long ears and black hair all over her body. In addition, buffalo skin is very thick. The height of a buffalo is between six to seven feet and the weight of a buffalo is between 400 to 800 kg. Buffalo milk is thicker than cow's milk and is used to make curd, butter and ghee.

What does a Buffalo eat?

Buffalo is a herbivore. It does not eat leaves of trees. The buffaloes are given only fodder such as field grass, kadba, kutti, chaff, dhep. Milk buffaloes are given maximum dhep and green leaves as well as apatya leaves. This results in the formation of more fat, protein in the milk and also increases the amount of milk solids and calcium.

Life of Buffalo in English

A buffalo has two types of life. A domesticated buffalo is given regular grass, water on time while considering a domesticated another wild domesticated machine. Also, different types of diseases also occur to a lesser extent. As for wild buffaloes, they have to survive on the grass, fodder, and water they get in the forests. Apart from this, animals like lions and tigers also hunt them in large numbers in the forests. Here their lives are in danger.

Most buffaloes suffer from hoof worms or colic diseases. Scabies is also a disease of buffalo. If the buffalo is sick, it affects the milk of the buffalo. Milk production capacity of buffalo decreases. If this type of plant hits a buffalo, a doctor should be consulted immediately otherwise the buffalo may die.

Buffalo loves to sit in water for hours. Buffalo also likes to eat green fodder. Buffalo has a gestation period of one year. Buffalo calf is called Redku. Redu drinks buffalo milk.

Types of Buffalo in English

There are many types of buffalo found in India. The milk production capacity of buffalo in this species may be less or higher. So let's know the types of buffalo.

Buffalo Animal Information In English

Different species and characteristics of buffaloes 

1) Murha Buffalo : Murha species is famous in the world as the best breed for milk production. Currently Murha buffalo with high genetic potential for sustainable milk production is in highest demand in the country and abroad. 

Habitat: Mainly found in Rohtak and Delhi in Haryana and Meerut in Uttar Pradesh. Body Structure: The color of the buffalo is dark black with a long neck and rounded horns. The head is round and erect, the ears are long. The tail is long and sleek black and the udder with prominent milk ducts attached to the body are the characteristics of the buffalo. 

Milk production: The average milk production of one cow is 2000 liters and milk production is 3000 to 4000 liters. The weight is 500 to 550 kg and the interval between two calvings is generally 14 to 15 months in good breeding buffaloes. Fat content is 6 to 7 percent and baking time is 90 to 120 days. The age of first moult in a well-bred buffalo is 3 to 3.5 years. Redya of Murha breed is used for improvement program of low milking and village buffaloes.

2) Jafarabadi Origin: Mainly found in Kathiawad, Saurashtra and Kutch areas of Gujarat state. 

Body structure: Jafarabadi buffalo is heavy in weight and weighs 500 to 600 kg. The head is large, bulging and the horns are round and broad and turn downwards and then become rounded. The ears are long, the legs are heavy and the tail is long. 

Milk production: The average milk production of a cow is 1850 to 2200 liters and high pedigree buffaloes produce more than 3000 liters. Fat content in milk is 6 to 7 percent. In well-bred buffaloes, the age of first moult is 3.5 to 4 years and the interval between two moults is 14 to 15 months. Bhakad period is 100 days and more.

3) Mhaisana:  This buffalo is mainly found in Mhaisana district of Gujarat state. In Kathewad, Junagadh area, Murha and Surti buffalo breeds have been created from a good hybrid of buffaloes and this breed is an invention of the best qualities of both breeds. 

Body Structure: The body is medium sized and manageable. The color of the buffalo is black and the feet are slightly white. The tail is black or white. Horn ears are of medium size. Turns down then goes out and turns up. Milk production: The average milk production is 1800 to 2000 liters. The duration of the first installment is 3 to 4 years and the gap between the two installments is 15 to 18 months. The breeding period of buffalo is 100 to 150 days.

4) Pandharpuri: These buffaloes are mainly seen in Pandharpur, North Solapur, South Solapur, Barshi talukas of Solapur district. These buffaloes are found in Kolhapur and Sangli district. 

Body Structure: Medium in size, with little lean muscle mass. Buffalo horns are long and sharp like swords. The face is thin, the head is medium, the eyes are watery, the ears are long and pointed. Buffalo's tusks are manageable and large. The tail is long and sleek, black or white. Weight is around 400 to 450 kg. 

Milk production: Average milk production is 1200 liters per heifer, but high pedigree buffaloes give 1600 liters of milk.

5) Surti buffalo : When considering this buffalo, this buffalo is of medium size and the ears of this buffalo are also of medium size, long and wide and covered with horns. This buffalo has big eyes and white eyebrows. The body color of this buffalo is brown with white horizontal stripes on the neck. Every month this buffalo 2200 to 2500 Ltr. Gives milk up to The milk of this buffalo is thick compared to other buffaloes.

6) Blue Buffalo: The body color of this buffalo is black. The eyes are black and cat-like. Also the lower tail is white and the knees are white of medium size, the horns of this buffalo are heavy.

It is known that it is from Pakistan. This buffalo gives milk up to 1800 liters per month. The fat content of this milk is 60%.

7) Wild Buffalo: Wild buffalo are also found in our forests. We see these buffaloes sitting in a pond or mud in the forests. This buffalo is also called Asian buffalo. It is also found in India and South Asia.

In the forests of Asia, the number of wild buffalo has decreased by more than 4000. But in the forests of Assam there is a large number of them. The buffalo originated from the wild buffalo. Wild buffaloes are threatened by predators such as tigers, leopards and lions.

Selection of Buffaloes in English 

Most of the herdsmen select buffaloes from the nearest market. Cattle breeders who procure buffaloes from their native areas either through brokers or themselves for large-scale buffalo rearing. Cattle breeders who want to buy two or three buffaloes buy pre-weaning buffaloes or pregnant buffaloes from the market.

The price of buffalo while buying depends on the breed, age, number of cows and milking capacity of the buffalo. Many times, false information is given about the milk production of buffalo. 

Choosing a buffalo in such a manner can cause huge financial loss in the business. 

• If the buffalo has previously suffered from mastitis, there may be one or more abscesses. 
• Stinging of calf, failure to fall, etc. Diseases can occur. 
• Martuki ratio of redka after molting is higher in buffalo. Those who buy buffaloes through cattle rearers or by themselves also buy pregnant or sold buffaloes. Buffaloes are ordered through Dalala. In such cases 2 to 3 buffaloes are of low quality out of 9-10 buffaloes. At present the price of a Murha, Mhaisana or Jafarabadi buffalo ranges from 60,000 to 1,00,000. So it is important to buy buffalo correctly and correctly.

Precautions to be taken while buying buffalo 

• Preferably buy a recently weaned buffalo with a calf and check the milk production yourself in the morning and evening. In places like Hisar, Jind, Rohtak, agents show and buy such buffaloes.
• They keep the milk of buffaloes and sell them in the market by making them big. It is important to be aware of it.
• Cows in which or the owner is engaged in buffalo breeding, milk production etc. It is best to buy buffalo from someone with a track record.
• Infectious abortion etc. through blood sample if possible before purchase of buffalo. A diagnostic test should be done.
• Get information about feeding, fodder and rearing of buffalo from the region or owner where you are going to buy the buffalo. So that rearing is possible so that milk production of buffalo is not affected.

Check the external characteristics before buying a Buffalo

• The buffalo should preferably be in the second or third veta so that maximum veta can be recovered.
• The skin of the buffalo should be soft and shiny and the eyes should be fresh and watery. The area above the nostril should be moist.
• The spine should be straight while the neck should be long and slender.
• Paddles should be long, wide and wide, this improves fetal nutrition and reduces the incidence of calf entrapment.
• The udder of the buffalo should be large in size and should be long, uniform and plump.
• The blood vessel coming from the stomach to the udder should be plump, swollen and large. There should be several cracks near the udder. The distance between the next two legs should be more. This gives scope for chest expansion.
• Lumbar bones should be further apart, this allows more room for abdominal expansion. The distance between the bones near the tail and the chest should be more.

Major Diseases of Buffalo, Preventive Vaccination in English

Every buffalo breeder needs to keep the buffaloes healthy and fit for regular and proper production of buffalo milk. There should be information about what kind of diseases buffaloes get in different stages. Which diseases are common? Also, it is important to estimate how much damage will be caused in case of serious illness. There is no problem in treating common ailments like indigestion, loss of appetite, flatulence, indigestion etc. with appropriate home remedies. 

It is necessary to know the factors that cause the diseases of buffaloes like milk fever, ketosis, post-partum hemoglobin deficiency and what are the preventive measures for this, so that there is no adverse effect on the production. There are various bacteria and viruses in the environment. Improper management weakens the immune system of the buffalo, making them susceptible to various infectious diseases. 

Sometimes buffaloes miscarry, and production and reproduction are adversely affected. Alternatively, there is a big financial hit. Communicable diseases and regular vaccination against them are important for prevention. Buffalo health management includes management of major ruminal diseases, deworming and disease vaccination of buffaloes.

Various diseases in buffaloes in English

1) Milk fever (Milk fever) - This disease is mainly seen in buffaloes with high milk production. It is mainly seen in 48-72 hours after calving in newly weaned buffaloes. Calcium deficiency in the diet (during pregnancy) etc. This disease occurs due to important reasons. Major symptoms

• Lowers body temperature.
• The buffalo lies lethargic, with its neck bent.
• The buffalo pulls its head towards its chest.
• Stops defecating, urinating, defecating, and also stops feeding.
• Cough and cold. Solution
• Calcium borogluconate injection should be administered immediately by a veterinarian.
• Supply calcium rich minerals and vitamins in food.
• Medicines containing calcium and energy should be given orally twice a day for four-five days to prevent recurrence of the disease.
• Vitamins and phosphorus should be injected to the buffaloes.
• Subclinical milk fever is observed in high milk yielding buffaloes. It does not show the above symptoms. However, milk production is not as expected, or is reduced and fertility is reduced. For this, calcium in the blood should be checked and if it is less than 8-12 milligrams per deciliter, the amount of calcium in the diet should be increased and treated by a veterinarian.

2) Ketosis is a disease mainly seen in two to four weeks after parturition due to lack of dietary energy in lactating buffaloes. Lack of balanced diet, high amount of protein etc. during pregnancy. This disease is caused by low blood glucose levels due to major causes. Major symptoms

• Sudden or gradual decrease in milk production or cessation of lactation.
• Buffalo's breath or urine has a sweet smell.
• Buffalo reduces or stops eating mainly animal feed or fermentation.
• In acute disease there is drooling, abnormal movement of the buffalo and loss of balance. Also, tries to bite hard objects.

Treatment - Treatment and prevention

• Administer intravenous glucose (25 to 40 percent) by weight by the veterinarian. High energy foods should be given for 5-7 days to produce glucose in the body every day. Like jaggery, market medicines etc.
• Balanced rations or starchy rations should be given during pregnancy, as well as after weaning. Flaked corn or wheat bran are good sources of energy.
• High milk yielding buffaloes show mild ketosis due to energy deficiency. In this, milk production is not as expected or is reduced.
• Ketosis disease is diagnosed by checking blood glucose levels in buffaloes.

3) This infectious disease which is mainly seen in Ghatasarp buffaloes and is more severe is caused by Pasteurella multocida bacteria mainly at the beginning of monsoon or during rainy season. symptoms

• A buffalo runs a fever of 103 - 105 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Swelling of the throat, tongue and throat.
• Ghar ghar sounds from the throat causing difficulty in breathing.
• Swelling of the trachea and inflammation of the respiratory system and severe disease leads to death of the buffalo.

Treatment and prevention

• Buffalo has analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, glucose and liver tonic etc. Medication should be administered by a veterinarian.
• Sick buffaloes should be kept separately from other buffaloes. Food and water should be given separately.
• Vaccination should be done before monsoon for prevention.

4) Oral scabies : or salivary scabies is a highly contagious viral disease and economic losses are higher than Martuki. Spread through contaminated air, fodder, water etc. through infected animals. symptoms

• Blisters and wounds occur in the mouth (tongue, gums) and hooves of the buffalo.
• Buffaloes drool continuously due to high fever.
• Lesions reduce or stop eating and drinking. As a result, milk production decreases.
• Abortion may occur in pregnant buffalo.
• Wounds should be cleaned with 1 percent potassium permagnet or 2 percent sodium bicarbonate solution.
• Apply boroglycerin and turmeric on the wounds.
• Wash feet with 2 percent copper sulfate solution.
• Analgesics, antibiotics, tonics and glucose should be administered to the buffaloes by the veterinarian.
• Diseased buffaloes should be isolated and given fodder and water.
• Vaccination should be given at six month intervals in March or April and September or October.

5) Sarra (Trypazosomiasis): The disease is caused by a single-celled blood parasite Trypanosoma hinsci. The parasite thrives in Tibanus flies and the disease is transmitted after the bite of the fly. The outbreak of the disease usually occurs during the rainy season.

Symptoms:

• Breathing speed increases. High fever.
• A buffalo spins round and round with dizziness.
• The vesicles turn white, causing temporary blindness.
• Buffaloes hit their head on a solid surface or object.
• Buffalo dies if not treated.
• Mild type has intermittent fever. Lack of appetite, milk production decreases. Anemia and weight loss.

Diagnosis and Treatment: - Treatment and prevention

• Diagnosis is difficult in mild form. Because the symptoms do not appear properly. After testing the blood through a blood strip in the laboratory, the presence of germs can be seen and diagnosed.
• Treatment should be done by a veterinarian with the appropriate dose of effective medicine for the disease.
• Cleanliness should be maintained in cowshed.
• Regular control of flies and mosquitoes.

Deworming of buffaloes

• Newborn Redke, Parde, as well as buffaloes are mainly infested with worms such as flatworms, roundworms and leafworms.
• Worms are present in stomach, intestine, liver of buffalo.
• Loss of appetite, loss of appetite.
• The dung becomes diluted and has a foul smell.
• Decreases milk production.
• Skin becomes rough and dull.
• Buffalo becomes debilitated and immune system is weakened.
• Redka does not grow as expected and loses weight.
• Anemia causes weakness.

Prevention - Treatment and prevention

• Redkas should be dewormed after 10 days after birth as per advice of vet.
• The dung should be tested in the laboratory to diagnose the worm infestation and medication should be administered. This has a good effect.
• Buffaloes under 1 year should be dewormed every two months.
• Pregnant buffaloes should be dewormed as advised by a veterinarian.
• Deworming should be given for 10 days before vaccination, this improves immunity.

FAQ

What is the scientific name of buffalo?

Bubalus bubalis

How many years can a buffalo live?

 7 to 11 years

What do buffalo eat?

Hay, pods and straw

How many months does a buffalo give milk?

A cow/buffalo stays pregnant, gives a cry after calving and starts giving milk after five-six days. A cycle is 305 to 310 days in good milking cows and 270 to 280 days in buffaloes

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